Investigation of Solid Phase Microextraction Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and 1H qNMR Spectroscopy as Potential Methods for the Authentication of Baijiu Spirits

The baijiu spirit is often the focus of fraudulent activity due to widely varying prices products. In this work, Solid Phase Microextraction Gas Chromatography (SPME GCMS), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and 1H qNMR spectroscopy were evaluated as potential methods authenticate samples. Data collected for 30 samples produced by seven different distilleries. data from SPME GCMS FTIR treated a Principal Component Analysis identify clusters that would suggest chemical differences in products results has be fully portable method authentication. did not appear suitable authentication but can used find %ABV range sample. quantitative NMR (1H qNMR) was utilized quantify ethanol concentrations calculate observable congener chemistry comprising ester, ethanol, methanol, fusel alcohol, organic acids. Discrepancies content observed three samples, lack major congeners two indicates possible presence counterfeit product. Detailed obtainable provides fingerprint analysis quality control style, producer, length ageing process.